Caulophyllum thalictroides
Part Used: Dried rhizome & roots
Blue Cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides), is an herb derived from the rhizome and roots of a small North American perennial. It is a tall perennial herb with large blue berry-like fruits. It is also referred to by names such as 'Papoose Root' or 'Squaw Root', reflecting the use of this herb by Native American women who brewed a bitter tea from Blue Cohosh to relieve menstrual cramps and ease the pains associated with childbirth. Blue Cohosh is named for its dark blue berries. The active constituents of Blue Cohosh are alkaloids (magnoflorine, laburnine, cytisine, caulophylline, anagyrine, baptifoline), and steroidal saponins (including caulosapogenin). The herb has Spasmolytic, emmenagogue, uterine tonic and stimulant, emmenagogue, anti-inflammatory, antirheumatic, strong expectorant, oxytocic, diuretic, and anthelmintic properties.
It has been often recommended Blue Cohosh as an 'emmenagogue' to induce menstruation, and as uterine stimulant and antispasmodic. It is also frequently employed as a diuretic to eliminate excess fluids, as an expectorant to treat congestion, and as a diaphoretic to eliminate toxins by inducing sweating. Traditional herbalists often combine Blue Cohosh and Black Cohosh to effect a more balanced treatment for nerves, and to enhance the herbs antispasmodic effects. It is combined with other herbs to promote their effects in treating bronchitis, nervous disorders, urinary tract ailments and rheumatism. According to the researches, an alkaloid, methylcytisine, closely resembles nicotine in its ability to stimulate intestinal activity, raise respiration, and elevate blood pressure. Blue Cohosh also contains 'caulosaponin', a glycoside which can act as a coronary blood vessel constrictor and is thought responsible for stimulating uterine contractions and inducing childbirth. Blue Cohosh acts as an emmenagogue and it can be used to bring on a delayed or suppressed menstruation whilst ensuring that the pain that sometimes accompanies it is relieved. It may be used in cases where an anti-spasmodic is needed such as in colic, asthma or nervous coughs. It has a reputation for easing rheumatic pain. Studies have also shown that the plant extract of Blue Cohosh inhibits the implantation of a fertilized egg. However, further research is needed to determine its potential as a contraceptive. It should not be used by expectant mothers except during the last month of pregnancy, preferably under the guidance of an experienced herbalists or health care professional.
References:
Viable Herbal Solutions. http://www.viable-herbal.com/herbdesc/1bluecoh.htm
Holistic Online. http://www.holisticonline.com/Herbal-Med/_Herbs/h100.htm
